Apache log4j 官方API介绍类DailyRollingFileAppender,
有这样一段话DailyRollingFileAppender has been observed to exhibit synchronization issues and data loss.
。
参考文章:http://hellojavaer.iteye.com/blog/977599
DailyRollingFileAppender 多进程同步问题
下面来说明一下log4j的多进程同步问题.
在 log4j 的 DailyRollingFileAppender 类中:
void rollOver() throws IOException {
/* Compute filename, but only if datePattern is specified */
if (datePattern == null) {
errorHandler.error("Missing DatePattern option in rollOver().");
return;
}
String datedFilename = fileName+sdf.format(now);
// It is too early to roll over because we are still within the
// bounds of the current interval. Rollover will occur once the
// next interval is reached.
if (scheduledFilename.equals(datedFilename)) {
return;
}
// close current file, and rename it to datedFilename
this.closeFile();
File target = new File(scheduledFilename);
if (target.exists()) {
target.delete();
}
File file = new File(fileName);
boolean result = file.renameTo(target);
if(result) {
LogLog.debug(fileName +" -> "+ scheduledFilename);
} else {
LogLog.error("Failed to rename ["+fileName+"] to ["+scheduledFilename+"].");
}
try {
// This will also close the file. This is OK since multiple
// close operations are safe.
this.setFile(fileName, false, this.bufferedIO, this.bufferSize);
}
catch(IOException e) {
errorHandler.error("setFile("+fileName+", false) call failed.");
}
scheduledFilename = datedFilename;
}
该方法意义:在滚动备份时间间隔到的时刻,将前一时间间隔的日志备份,同时以非追加模式将新日志打到新日志文件中;中间部分代码意思是:如果备份文件不存在,则备份,同时创建新日志文件;如果存在,则先删除掉,再备份;
问题出现了,假设A,B进程同时project.log写log,A进程先进行滚动备份:
1、 对于A进程:
a. 先将project.log备份(renameTo())为project.log.2016.07.18,然后创建project.log文件,并将日志写在project.log中;
b. 此时A进程持有project.log的文件句柄;而B进程仍然持有project.log.2016.07.18的文件句柄(尽管被重命名,但句柄不变);
2、 对于B进程:发现以project.log.2016.07.18为文件名的文件已经存在,则将其删除(前一时间段的所有日志全没了),并将以project.log为文件名的文件重命名为project.log.2016.07.18,然后创建project.log文件;
3、 此时A进程持有project.log.2016.07.18的文件句柄(被B进程重命名过的),而B进程持有最新创建的project.log;
4、结果导致:前一时间段日志丢失,A、B进程在不同的文件里打日志;
解决方案
改变 rollOver() 方法的实现方式:定义 TaskDailyRollingFileAppender 类,该类继承至 FileAppender ,它与 DailyRollingFileAppender 的主要区别在于以下方法:
void rollOver() throws IOException {
/* Compute filename, but only if datePattern is specified */
if (datePattern == null) {
errorHandler.error("Missing DatePattern option in rollOver().");
return;
}
String datedFilename = fileName+sdf.format(now);
// It is too early to roll over because we are still within the
// bounds of the current interval. Rollover will occur once the
// next interval is reached.
if (scheduledFilename.equals(datedFilename)) {
return;
}
// close current file, and rename it to datedFilename
this.closeFile();
File target = new File(scheduledFilename);
if (!target.exists()) {
File file = new File(fileName);
boolean result = file.renameTo(target);
if (result) {
LogLog.debug(fileName + " -> " + scheduledFilename);
} else {
LogLog.error("Failed to rename [" + fileName + "] to [" + scheduledFilename + "].");
}
}
try {
// This will also close the file. This is OK since multiple
// close operations are safe.
this.setFile(fileName, true, this.bufferedIO, this.bufferSize);
}
catch(IOException e) {
errorHandler.error("setFile("+fileName+", false) call failed.");
}
scheduledFilename = datedFilename;
}
改进后的 rollOver() 方法主要作用是:A进程先将日志重命名,然后创建新日志文件,B进程发现已经存在,则直接以追加模式切换到新的日志文件上去;